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Python Bytes

Michael Kennedy and Brian Okken
Python Bytes
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  • #442 Cloud bills in scientific notation
    Topics covered in this episode: * Open Source Security work isn't “Special”* * uv v0.8* * Extra, Extra, Extra* Announcing Toad - a universal UI for agentic coding in the terminal Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by us! Support our work through: Our courses at Talk Python Training The Complete pytest Course Patreon Supporters Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Open Source Security work isn't “Special” Seth Larson It seems like security is special in a sense that we don’t want just anyone working on the security aspect of a project. We just want the trusted maintainers, right? Seth is arguing that this is the wrong mindset It makes more sense that we maybe have security experts contribute to many projects, and that someone working on security for just one project doesn’t benefit from scale. “Maintainers don’t see how other projects are triaging vulnerabilities and can’t learn from each other. They can’t compare notes on what they are seeing and whether they are doing the right thing. Isolation in security work breeds a culture of fear. Fear of doing the wrong thing and making your users unsafe.” “These “security contributors” could be maintainers or contributors of other open source projects that know about security, they could be foundations offering up resources to their ecosystem, or engineers at companies helping their dependency graph.” But how do we build trust in these individuals? Meeting in person works. But there are other ways as well. I’d personally love to have someone contact me about a project of mine regarding a security problem or process that the project could/should follow. Especially if I could see other projects I trust already trusting this individual to work on the other projects. Michael #2: uv v0.8 Changes Install Python executables into a directory on the PATH Register Python versions with the Windows Registry Prompt before removing an existing directory in uv venv Bump --python-platform linux to manylinux_2_28 Make uv_build the default build backend in uv init And many more And uv v0.8.1 Lots of enhancements. And uv v0.8.2 And uv v0.8.3 Adds Add CPython 3.14.0rc1 Brian #3: Extra, Extra, Extra fstrings.wtf - Armin Ronacher Python 3.14 release candidate 1 is go! Django turns 20, with parties mkdocs-redirects I’m Tired of Talking About AI - Paddy Carver Michael #4: Announcing Toad - a universal UI for agentic coding in the terminal by Will McGugan A universal front-end for AI in the terminal. Watch the video. Joke: Heaviest objects in the universe And … Cloud Architects 2025 “They send us our cloud bills in scientific notation… “ 🙂
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  • #441 It's Michaels All the Way Down
    Topics covered in this episode: * Distributed sqlite follow up: Turso and Litestream* * PEP 792 – Project status markers in the simple index* Run coverage on tests docker2exe: Convert a Docker image to an executable Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by Digital Ocean: pythonbytes.fm/digitalocean-gen-ai Use code DO4BYTES and get $200 in free credit Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: Distributed sqlite follow up: Turso and Litestream Michael Booth: Turso marries the familiarity and simplicity of SQLite with modern, scalable, and distributed features. Seems to me that Turso is to SQLite what MotherDuck is to DuckDB. Mike Fiedler Continue to use the SQLite you love and care about (even the one inside Python runtime) and launch a daemon that watches the db for changes and replicates changes to an S3-type object store. Deeper dive: Litestream: Revamped Brian #2: PEP 792 – Project status markers in the simple index Currently 3 status markers for packages Trove Classifier status Indices can be yanked PyPI projects - admins can quarantine a project, owners can archive a project Proposal is to have something that can have only one state active archived quarantined deprecated This has been Approved, but not Implemented yet. Brian #3: Run coverage on tests Hugo van Kemenade And apparently, run Ruff with at least F811 turned on Helps with copy/paste/modify mistakes, but also subtler bugs like consumed generators being reused. Michael #4: docker2exe: Convert a Docker image to an executable This tool can be used to convert a Docker image to an executable that you can send to your friends. Build with a simple command: $ docker2exe --name alpine --image alpine:3.9 Requires docker on the client device Probably doesn’t map volumes/ports/etc, though could potentially be exposed in the dockerfile. Extras Brian: Back catalog of Test & Code is now on YouTube under @TestAndCodePodcast So far 106 of 234 episodes are up. The rest are going up according to daily limits. Ordering is rather chaotic, according to upload time, not release ordering. There will be a new episode this week pytest-django with Adam Johnson Joke: If programmers were doctors
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  • #440 Can't Register for VibeCon
    Topics covered in this episode: * Switching to direnv, Starship, and uv* * rqlite - Distributed SQLite DB* * Some Markdown Stuff* Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by PropelAuth: pythonbytes.fm/propelauth77 Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Switching to direnv, Starship, and uv Last week I mentioned that I’m ready to try direnv again, but secretly, I still had some worries about the process. Thankfully, Trey has a tutorial to walk me past the troublesome parts. direnv - an extension for your shell. It augments existing shells with a new feature that can load and unload environment variables depending on the current directory. Switching from virtualenvwrapper to direnv, Starship, and uv - Trey Hunner** Trey has solved a bunch of the problems I had when I tried direnv before Show the virtual environment name in the prompt Place new virtual environments in local .venv instead of in .direnv/python3.12 Silence all of the “loading”, “unloading” statements every time you enter a directory Have a script called venv to create an environment, activate it, create a .envrc file I’m more used to a create script, so I’ll stick with that name and Trey’s contents A workon script to be able to switch around to different projects. This is a carry over from “virtualenvwrapper’, but seems cool. I’ll take it. Adding uv to the mix for creating virtual environments. Interestingly including --seed which, for one, installs pip in the new environment. (Some tools need it, even if you don’t) Starship Trey also has some setup for Starship. But I’ll get through the above first, then MAYBE try Starship again. Some motivation Trey’s setup is pretty simple. Maybe I was trying to get too fancy before Starship config in toml files that can be loaded with direnv and be different for different projects. Neato Also, Trey mentions his dotfiles repo. This is a cool idea that I’ve been meaning to do for a long time. See also: It's Terminal - Bootstrapping With Starship, Just, Direnv, and UV - Mario Munoz Michael #2: rqlite - Distributed SQLite DB via themlu, thanks! rqlite is a lightweight, user-friendly, distributed relational database built on SQLite. Built on SQLite, the world’s most popular database Supports full-text search, Vector Search, and JSON documents Access controls and encryption for secure deployments Michael #3: A Python dict that can report which keys you did not use by Peter Bengtsson Very cool for testing that a dictionary has been used as expected (e.g. all data has been sent out via an API or report). Note: It does NOT track d.get(), but it’s easy to just add it to the class in the post. Maybe someone should polish it up and put it on pypi (that person is not me :) ). Brian #4: Some Markdown Stuff Textual 4.0.0 adds Markdown.append which can be used to efficiently stream markdown content The reason for the major bump is due to an interface change to Widget.anchor Refreshing to see a symantic change cause a major version bump. html-to-markdown Converts html to markdown A complete rewrite fork of markdownify Lots of fun features like “streaming support” Curious if it can stream to Textual’s Markdown.append method. hmmm. Joke: Vibecon is hard to attend
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  • #439 That Astral Episode
    Topics covered in this episode: * ty documentation site and uv migration guide* * uv build backend is now stable + other Astral news* * Refactoring long boolean expressions* * fastapi-ml-skeleton* Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by Sentry: pythonbytes.fm/sentry Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Michael #1: ty documentation site and uv migration guide via Skyler Kasko Astral created a documentation site for ty (PR #744 in release 0.0.1-alpha.13). Astral added a page on migrating from pip to a uv project in the uv documentation. (PR #12382 in release 0.7.19). Talk Python episode on ty. Brian #2: uv build backend is now stable + other Astral news The uv build backend is now stable Tim Hopper via Python Developer Tooling Handbook From Charlie Marsh “The uv build backend is now stable, and considered ready for production use. An alternative to setuptools, hatchling, etc. for pure Python projects, with a focus on good defaults, user-friendly error messages, and performance. When used with uv, it's 10-35x faster.” “(In a future release, we'll make this the default.)” [build-system] requires = ["uv_build>=0.7.19,<0.8.0"] build-backend = "uv_build" I believe it’s faster, but I agree with Brett Cannon in asking “What's being benchmarked? I'm not sure what a "backend sync" is referring to other than maybe installing the build back-end?” See also: uv: Making Python Local Workflows FAST and BORING in 2025 - Hynek Brian #3: Refactoring long boolean expressions Trey Hunner This is applied boolean logic, and even folks who learned this in a CS program probably did so early on, and may have forgotten it. How can you improve the readability of long Boolean expressions in Python? Put parens around the whole expression and separate clauses onto different lines Where to put boolean operators between clauses? at the end of the line or the beginning? PEP8 recommends the beginning if (expression1 and expression2 and expression3): ... Naming sub-expressions with variables Odd downside that wouldn’t occur to me. All expressions are evaluated, thus not taking advantage of expression short-circuiting. Naming operations with functions Less readable, but takes advantage of short-circuiting Using De Morgan’s Law : replacing a compound expression with a similar (and hopefully easier to read) expression # neither: we want both to be false not (a or b) == (not a) and (not b) # never_both: at least one false not (a and b) == (not a) or (not b) Michael #4: fastapi-ml-skeleton FastAPI Skeleton App to serve machine learning models production-ready. This repository contains a skeleton app which can be used to speed-up your next machine learning project. The code is fully tested and provides a preconfigured tox to quickly expand this sample code. A sample regression model for house price prediction is included in this project. Short write up on "What does set -a do?" Extras Brian: OCF Michael: via Wei Lee Extra Airflow ruff rules: Starting from Ruff version 0.11.13, most changes from Airflow 2 to Airflow 3 can be automated using AIR3. (It’s still in preview so a “—-preview” flag is needed) e.g., if you have the following Airflow 2 code import datetime from airflow.models import DAG from airflow.operators.empty import EmptyOperator with DAG( dag_id="my_dag_name", start_date=datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 1), schedule_interval="@daily", ): EmptyOperator(task_id="task") it can be fixed with uvx ruff check --select AIR3 --fix --unsafe-fixes --preview import datetime from airflow.sdk import DAG from airflow.providers.standard.operators.empty import EmptyOperator with DAG( dag_id="my_dag_name", start_date=datetime.datetime(2021, 1, 1), schedule="@daily", ): EmptyOperator(task_id="task") which works with Airflow 3. Joke: Front Toward Enemy
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  • #438 Motivation time
    Topics covered in this episode: * Python Cheat Sheets from Trey Hunner* * Automatisch* * mureq-typed* * My CLI World* Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by Posit: pythonbytes.fm/connect Connect with the hosts Michael: @[email protected] / @mkennedy.codes (bsky) Brian: @[email protected] / @brianokken.bsky.social Show: @[email protected] / @pythonbytes.fm (bsky) Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Monday at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Python Cheat Sheets from Trey Hunner Some fun sheets Python f-string tips & cheat sheets Python's pathlib module Python's many command-line utilities Michael #2: Automatisch Open source Zapier alternative Automatisch helps you to automate your business processes without coding. Use their affordable cloud solution or self-host on your own servers. Automatisch allows you to store your data on your own servers, good for companies dealing with sensitive user data, particularly in industries like healthcare and finance, or those based in Europe bound by General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Michael #3: mureq-typed Single file, zero-dependency alternative to requests. Fully typed. Modern Python tooling. Typed version of mureq (covered in 2022 on episode 268) Intended to be vendored in-tree by Linux systems software and other lightweight applications. mureq-typed is a drop-in, fully API compatible replacement for mureq updated with modern Python tooling: Type checked with mypy, ty, and pyrefly. Formatted with black, no ignore rules necessary. Linted with ruff (add these rules for mureq.py to your per-file-ignores). Brian #4: My CLI World Frank Wiles Encouragement to modify your command line environment Some of Franks tools direnv, zoxide, fd, ack, atuin, just Also some aliases, like gitpulllog Notes We covered poethepoet recently, if just just isn’t cutting it for you. I tried to ilke starship, bit for some reason with my setup, it slows down the shell too much. Extras Brian: Interesting read of the week: New theory proposes time has three dimensions, with space as a secondary effect Michael's: New quantum theory of gravity brings long-sought 'theory of everything' a crucial step closer Joke: Brian read a few quotes from the book Disappointing Affirmations, by Dave Tarnowski “You are always just a moment away from your next worst day ever. Or your next best day ever, but let’s be realistic.” “You can be anything you want. And yet you keep choosing to be you. I admire your dedication to the role.” “Today I am letting go of the things that are holding me back from the life that I want to live. Then I’m picking them all up again because I have separation anxiety.”
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About Python Bytes

Python Bytes is a weekly podcast hosted by Michael Kennedy and Brian Okken. The show is a short discussion on the headlines and noteworthy news in the Python, developer, and data science space.
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