Sanity Check

Europe has been warming significantly faster than the global average, and this summer’s heatwaves once again prompted politicians and environmental activists to point to fossil-fuel emissions as the obvious culprit. In this episode, Dr. David Legates examines a new study that suggests there is another important piece of the story: Europe’s remarkable success in reducing air pollution.

Since 1980, Europe has dramatically reduced sulfur dioxide and other aerosol emissions. Those pollutants brought serious health and environmental costs, but some of them also reflected sunlight and increased cloud reflectivity, producing a cooling effect. As Europe cleaned up its air, that cooling influence diminished. The new research suggests that the resulting changes may have contributed not only directly to regional warming, but also indirectly by altering atmospheric circulation patterns that favor persistent summer heat and heatwaves.

So, could one of the reasons Europe has warmed so rapidly be that Europeans successfully eliminated some of the pollution that had been keeping temperatures down?

In this episode, Dr. Legates examines the new study, the science of aerosols, Europe’s dramatic decline in sulfur emissions, the difference between weather and climate, and what this complicated story means for the way we talk about climate change. We also consider a question that environmental policy rarely acknowledges: what happens when solving one environmental problem changes another part of the climate system in an unexpected way?
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2026GL122424
https://www.nationalreview.com/news/european-heat-wave-driven-by-cleaner-air-u-k-climate-office-study-finds/
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2026/07/22/heatwaves-caused-by-fall-in-pollution/

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Episode Description
El Niño has returned, and forecasters around the world are watching closely.
In this episode, Dr. David Legates explains what El Niño is, why the tropical Pacific Ocean is warming, and what scientists expect as the 2026 event continues to develop. He explores how El Niño influences weather patterns around the globe, from rainfall in the southern United States to hurricane activity in the Atlantic and drought risks in Australia.
Drawing on decades of climatological research, Dr. Legates also examines the limits of seasonal forecasting. While El Niño can shift the odds of certain weather patterns, it does not guarantee specific outcomes. Every event is different, and Earth's climate is shaped by a complex interaction of oceanic and atmospheric processes that extend far beyond a single climate pattern.
Join Dr. David Legates for an accessible look at one of Earth's most influential climate phenomena and discover what the developing 2026 El Niño may—and may not—have in store.
https://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/enso_advisory/ensodisc.shtml
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0252-6
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/weather/2026/07/22/super-el-nino-atlantic-la-nina-hurricane-weather-forecast/91005872007/

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Can humanity turn night into day?
In this episode, Dr. David Legates examines Reflect Orbital's ambitious proposal to place mirrors in space that would redirect sunlight onto Earth after sunset. Marketed as a breakthrough for renewable energy, disaster response, agriculture, and industry, the technology has also sparked concerns about light pollution, environmental impacts, space debris, and the commercialization of the night sky.
Dr. Legates explores the science, economics, and policy questions surrounding this proposal, asking whether its promises outweigh its practical challenges. He also considers what the debate reveals about today's environmental priorities and the broader implications of attempting to engineer Earth's natural cycles.
Join Dr. David Legates for a thoughtful discussion of one of the most unusual—and controversial—space technologies currently under development.
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Episode Description
What can one of the most influential Christian thinkers of the past half-century teach us about the future of America?
In this episode, Dr. E. Calvin Beisner pays tribute to Os Guinness following his receipt of the Wilberforce Award, reflecting on a lifetime of scholarship dedicated to the defense of truth, freedom, and the Christian worldview. Drawing from Guinness's many influential books, Dr. E. Calvin Beisner explores his insights on culture, liberty, leadership, and the spiritual foundations necessary for a flourishing society.
As America approaches its 250th anniversary, this conversation examines why Guinness believes the nation's greatest challenges are ultimately spiritual rather than political, and why the renewal of churches, faithful preaching, and biblical conviction remain essential to America's future.
Join Dr. E. Calvin Beisner for a thoughtful reflection on the legacy of Os Guinness and the enduring importance of Christian faith in shaping culture, preserving liberty, and renewing society.
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When the United States Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) was dissolved, many assumed its role in federal climate policy had come to an end. Now the program has returned under new leadership and with a different direction. In this episode of Sanity Check, David Legates draws on his own experience as a former Executive Director of the USGCRP to explain what the agency does, why it matters, and how its structure has changed. He reflects on the challenges he faced during his brief tenure and outlines three reasons he believes the reconstituted program has a stronger opportunity to reshape the next National Climate Assessment. Along the way, he discusses federal climate research, institutional reform, and the importance of scientific integrity in government reporting.
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Our work is entirely supported by donations from people like you. If you benefit from our work and would like to partner with us, please visit www.cornwallalliance.org/donate.